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Views: 211 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-06-17 Origin: Site
In the world of mechanical fastening, screws and nuts play an integral role in holding structures together—from simple home appliances to complex industrial machinery. But what exactly are screws with nuts called? Are they merely referred to as "fasteners," or is there more technical terminology involved? This comprehensive guide answers these questions while also providing essential insights into the types, uses, and differences among these vital components.
At their core, screws with nuts are part of a broader category known as mechanical fasteners. These are devices used to mechanically join two or more objects together, typically without creating permanent deformation of the components. When a screw is used in conjunction with a nut, the combination is often referred to as a bolted joint. This type of connection offers high reliability, reusability, and ease of assembly or disassembly.
In engineering and manufacturing terminology, when a screw is paired with a nut, it's usually called a bolt assembly or a screw-nut pair. These assemblies are used when higher load-bearing capacity and structural integrity are required. Unlike self-tapping screws, which create their own threads in a material, screws with nuts depend on the external thread matching of both components for secure fastening.
While the terms "screw" and "bolt" are sometimes used interchangeably in casual conversation, they are technically different. A bolt is typically inserted through pre-drilled holes and secured using a nut. A screw, on the other hand, is often designed to cut its own threads into the material or use an internally threaded part. But when referring to a screw used with a nut, it's functionally equivalent to a bolt.
There are many different types of screws and nuts, each serving a specific function depending on the material, environmental conditions, and load requirements. Here’s a breakdown of common varieties used in combination:
| Screw Type | Nut Type | Typical Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Machine Screws | Hex Nuts | Machinery, electronics, automotive |
| Carriage Screws | Lock Nuts | Woodworking, outdoor structures |
| Socket Head Screws | Flange Nuts | Mechanical assemblies, engines |
| Eye Screws | Wing Nuts | Hanging and suspension systems |
| Countersunk Screws | Cap Nuts | Furniture, visible fixtures |
| Threaded Rods | Coupling Nuts | Structural and long-length connections |
Each combination is selected for a specific reason, such as ease of tightening, appearance, strength, or corrosion resistance. For instance, lock nuts are often used to prevent loosening from vibrations in automotive applications, while wing nuts allow for tool-free adjustments.
You might wonder, “Why go through the trouble of using both screws and nuts when just a screw might do?” This is where the strength and flexibility of nut-and-screw combinations shine.
When used with a washer, the nut and screw assembly distributes the load more evenly across the surface, preventing material damage and increasing structural integrity.
Certain nuts, like nyloc or lock nuts, resist loosening due to vibration, which is common in engines or heavy machinery.
Unlike nails or rivets, screws and nuts can be removed and reused without damaging the components, making them ideal for applications that require periodic maintenance.
In composite materials, like plastics or laminates, using nuts prevents stripping or cracking that might occur if only screws were used.
Using both elements ensures a secure, reliable joint that can withstand dynamic stress, shear, and tension—crucial in construction, aerospace, and industrial fields.
No. While many people refer to them as bolts, technically, a bolt is defined by its use with a nut. However, some screws, like machine screws, are also used with nuts. The term depends on the application, threading, and design.
Not quite. The thread pitch, diameter, and material compatibility must match. Using mismatched components can lead to stripping, seizing, or mechanical failure.
A lock nut has a feature—such as a nylon insert or deformed threads—that prevents loosening under vibration. Regular nuts don’t have this anti-loosening feature and may require additional locking mechanisms like washers or adhesives.
Washers are not mandatory but are highly recommended. They prevent damage to the surface, distribute load, and can even help reduce friction during tightening.
Selecting the proper screw and nut combination requires attention to a few key factors. Here are the primary considerations:
If the load is primarily tensile (pulling), then a standard nut might suffice. For lateral loads (side-to-side motion), lock nuts or even double-nut assemblies may be required.
In outdoor or corrosive environments, stainless steel or coated fasteners should be used. Galvanized screws and nuts offer corrosion resistance but may not be suitable for all types of applications due to galvanic corrosion.
Always ensure the thread pitch and size are identical. For metric fasteners, M6, M8, M10, etc., are common designations. For imperial sizes, you’ll see designations like 1/4"-20, which means a 1/4-inch diameter with 20 threads per inch.
Some assemblies must be tightened to specific torque values. Using the correct grade of screw and nut is critical for safety and durability. High-tensile applications typically require Grade 8 or 10.9 fasteners.
Correct installation is just as important as selecting the right components. Here are best practices to follow:
Use Washers – To prevent material damage and improve load distribution.
Apply Lubricant – On high-torque applications, use thread lubricant to avoid seizing.
Torque Wrench – For precise tightening, especially in safety-critical assemblies.
Double-Check Threads – Cross-threading is a common issue that can ruin both the screw and nut.
Thread Locking Compound – Use for applications subject to vibrations if lock nuts are not available.
Proper installation ensures the fastener will perform as expected under all operating conditions.
So, what are screws with nuts called? While the generic term “fasteners” suffices for casual use, technically they are known as bolt assemblies, screw-nut pairs, or mechanical fasteners depending on the context. These simple yet essential components are the backbone of countless mechanical, structural, and industrial applications.
Whether you're assembling a bicycle, building a piece of furniture, or designing a load-bearing steel structure, understanding the function and selection of screws with nuts is essential. Their strength, reusability, and flexibility make them an irreplaceable part of modern engineering.